Mansakan languages

Mansakan
Geographic distribution:	Davao Region, Mindanao
Linguistic classification:	Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian Philippine Central Philippine Mansakan
Subdivisions:	—

The Mansakan languages are a group of languages spoken in the Philippines. Davawenyo is the principal native language of the Davao region, though there is a high degree of bilingualism in Cebuano.

1 Classification
2 References

Classification

Overview

The Mansakan languages are:

Davawenyo
Eastern
- Karaga
- Mandayan: Mansaka, Mandaya
Kamayo
Kalagan (a dialect cluster)

Gray, et. al. (2008)

A 2008 analysis of the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database^[1] concluded that with 80% confidence, the Butuanon-Tausug languages are more closely related to Mansakan than to the Visayan languages, their traditional classification. The Mamanwa language, previously left unclassified within Central Philippines, was connected with 95% confidence. The resulting family is,

Greater Mansakan

Butuanon–Tausug
Mamanwa–Mansakan
- Mamanwa
- Mansakan proper

Gallman (1974)

The Mansakan subgrouping below is from Gallman (1974).^[2]

Individual languages are marked by italics, and primary branches by bold italics.

Mansakan
- North Mansakan
  - Kamayo North and Kamayo South
- Davaw
  - Davawenyo (Davaweño)
- Eastern Mansakan
  - Isamal
  - Caraga (Karaga)
  - Kabasagan, Boso, Mansaka, Mandayan
- Western Mansakan
  - Kalagan and Tagakaolo
Mamanwa

References

^ Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.
^ Gallman, Andrew Franklin. A Reconstruction of Proto-Mansakan. M.A. dissertation. Arlington, Texas: Dept. of Liunguistics, University of Texas at Arlington, 1974.